assessment of infants

The assessment of infants and children with malformations
requires documentation of a detailed history and a physical
examination. Parental age and family history may provide clues
about the aetiology. Any abnormalities during the pregnancy,
including possible exposure to teratogens, should be recorded,
as well as the mode of delivery and the occurrence of any
perinatal problems. The subsequent general health, growth,
developmental progress and behaviour of the child must also
be assessed. Examination of the child should include a search
for both major and minor anomalies with documentation of
the abnormalities present and accurate clinical measurements
and photographic records whenever possible. Investigations
required may include chromosomal analysis and molecular,
biochemical or radiological studies.